The efficacy of transcranial direct current electrical stimulation (tDCS) for the treatment of cognitive and motor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease patients was examined. tDCS was applied to the frontal pole (anode) and visual cortex (cathode) at 1.0 mA × 900 s for 10 times. tDCS motor function before and after tDCS stimulation was assessed by UPDRS and TUG, and cognitive function was assessed by MMSE and TMT were used to assess motor function before and after tDCS. In addition, physiological changes were evaluated using neuromelanin within the dense area of the substantia nigra of the midbrain as an index. The results showed that tDCS therapy improved not only motor function but also non-motor symptoms and increased the amount of neuromelanin in the dense mesencephalic substantia nigra. However, there is no established method for analyzing tDCS or neuromelanin, and further validation is needed.
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements