Metabolic regulation by adipose tissue macrophage and interleulin-10

In this study, we investigated the relationship between adipose tissue M1/M2 macrophages and insulin sensitivity, focusing on the roles of M2 macrophage and interleukin10 （IL-10). Telmisartan, an angiotensin II type I receptor blocker, induced M2 polarity of adipose tissue macrophages with its PPARγ-stimulating activity, while adipose tissue hypoxia induced the M1 polarity. M2 macrophage ablation mice, in which the number of M2 macrophage could be decreased by adding diphtheria toxin, showed smaller adipocyte size and improved insulin sensitivity. The activation of IL-10 signaling in hypothalamus increased the expression of mitochondria-related genes in skeletal muscle and improved inulin sensitivity.