Overview of Surgical Revascularization and Long-Term Outcome in Japan

Surgical revascularization is now accepted as an effective treatment to reduce the incidence of subsequent cerebrovascular events, including ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, although precise analysis of long-term outcome after surgery is required. In this Part V “Real World of Surgical Revascularization for Moyamoya Disease,” very skillful and experienced neurosurgeons around the world would discuss their surgical technique and long-term outcome in patients with moyamoya disease. It also includes special topics on perioperative complications, indirect bypass, combined bypass, and unique clinical features in infantile and elderly patients. In this chapter, I briefly overview surgical techniques for moyamoya disease and describe recent data on postoperative, long-term (>10 years) outcome in Japan.