Investigation of feasibility of singular value decomposition clutter filter in plane wave imaging with packet transmission sequence

Purpose: Assessment of blood flow is an important function in diagnostic ultrasound imaging. Color flow imaging is one such method widely used in the clinical setting. Since autocorrelation suffers from aliasing, the time interval between successive transmissions of ultrasonic pulses should be as short as possible. For this purpose, a specific transmit–receive sequence, namely, packet transmission, is widely used in color flow imaging. Also, plane wave imaging recently introduced to ultrasound imaging significantly contributes to improvement of the temporal resolution. Furthermore, a singular value decomposition (SVD) clutter filter reportedly outperforms a conventional clutter filter. In the present study, the feasibility of the SVD clutter filter in plane wave imaging with the packet transmission sequence was investigated. Method: In the present study, the packet transmission sequence was implemented in plane wave imaging by sending plane waves multiple times in the same direction before changing the steering angle. In the first strategy, like conventional color flow imaging with line-by-line acquisition using a focused transmit beam, a clutter filter was applied to ultrasonic radio-frequency (RF) signals in each packet. In the second strategy, the number of transmissions per packet was set at two, and a clutter filter was applied to RF signals obtained from the first or second transmission in different packets. Results: The in vivo experimental results on a human carotid artery showed that the second strategy with an SVD filter realized significantly better performance than the first strategy with a polynomial regression filter used as a conventional filter. Conclusion: An SVD clutter filter was feasible in plane wave imaging with the packet transmission sequence, and the performance was improved by limiting the number of transmissions per packet to two.