TY - JOUR
T1 - Interactions between host genetics and gut microbiome in diabetes and metabolic syndrome
AU - Ussar, Siegfried
AU - Fujisaka, Shiho
AU - Kahn, C. Ronald
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016
PY - 2016/9/1
Y1 - 2016/9/1
N2 - Background Diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome are multifactorial diseases dependent on a complex interaction of host genetics, diet, and other environmental factors. Increasing evidence places gut microbiota as important modulators of the crosstalk between diet and development of obesity and metabolic dysfunction. In addition, host genetics can have important impact on the composition and function of gut microbiota. Indeed, depending on the genetic background of the host, diet and other environmental factors may produce different changes in gut microbiota, have different impacts on host metabolism, and create different interactions between the microbiome and the host. Scope of review In this review, we highlight how appropriate animal models can help dissect the complex interaction of host genetics with the gut microbiome and how diet can lead to different degrees of weight gain, levels of insulin resistance, and metabolic outcomes, such as diabetes, in different individuals. We also discuss the challenges of identifying specific disease-associated microbiota and the limitations of simple metrics, such as phylogenetic diversity or the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Major conclusions Understanding these complex interactions will help in the development of novel treatments for microbiome-related metabolic diseases. This article is part of a special issue on microbiota.
AB - Background Diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome are multifactorial diseases dependent on a complex interaction of host genetics, diet, and other environmental factors. Increasing evidence places gut microbiota as important modulators of the crosstalk between diet and development of obesity and metabolic dysfunction. In addition, host genetics can have important impact on the composition and function of gut microbiota. Indeed, depending on the genetic background of the host, diet and other environmental factors may produce different changes in gut microbiota, have different impacts on host metabolism, and create different interactions between the microbiome and the host. Scope of review In this review, we highlight how appropriate animal models can help dissect the complex interaction of host genetics with the gut microbiome and how diet can lead to different degrees of weight gain, levels of insulin resistance, and metabolic outcomes, such as diabetes, in different individuals. We also discuss the challenges of identifying specific disease-associated microbiota and the limitations of simple metrics, such as phylogenetic diversity or the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Major conclusions Understanding these complex interactions will help in the development of novel treatments for microbiome-related metabolic diseases. This article is part of a special issue on microbiota.
KW - Environment
KW - Host genetics
KW - Metabolic syndrome
KW - Microbial diversity
KW - Microbiome
KW - Microbiota
KW - Obesity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84991056627&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.07.004
DO - 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.07.004
M3 - 総説
C2 - 27617202
AN - SCOPUS:84991056627
SN - 2212-8778
VL - 5
SP - 795
EP - 803
JO - Molecular Metabolism
JF - Molecular Metabolism
IS - 9
ER -