In vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized gallic acid derivatives (N-Alkyl Gallamide) against breast MCF-7 cancer cells

Gallic acid is a phenolic compound distributed in plants and fruits which has been reported to have cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. In this research, we investigated in vitro cytotoxic effect of six synthesized compounds of gallic acid derivatives (N-alkyl gallamide), namely N-methyl gallamide (2); N-ethyl gallamide (3); N-butyl gallamide (4); N-sec-butyl gallamide (5); N-tert-butyl gallamide (6) and N-hexyl gallamide (7) against breast MCF-7 cells by MTT assay. Linear regression analysis is utilized to analyze data to regenerate IC₅₀ value. The results will be compared with gallic acid as an original compound and doxorubicin as a positive control. Among six synthesized compounds, N-tert-butyl gallamide (6) with IC₅₀ value of 2.1 µg/mL, and N-hexyl gallamide (7) with IC₅₀ value of 3.5µg/mL,showed the stronger cytotoxicity against breast MCF-7 cells compared to gallic acid and doxorubicin. Thus,N-tert-butyl gallamide (6) and N-hexyl gallamide (7) are potential to be further developed as a promising anti-breast cancer agents.