Autonomic manifestations in autoimmune encephalitis

Autoimmune encephalitis represented by anti-NMDA receptor antibody positive encephalitis is a type of nonherpetic limbic encephalitis, and it is well known that emotional and memory disorders manifest as limbic symptoms. However, it should be noted that autonomic dysfunction is also an important symptom of limbic system dysfunction. Autonomic manifestations of autoimmune encephalitis include not only general physical symptoms such as high fever, sweating, and bladder and rectal disorders, but also life-threatening symptoms such as large fluctuations in blood pressure and pulse, and central apnea, which require treatment in the intensive care unit. This review outlines autoimmune encephalitis with autonomic symptoms and summarizes reports on each antibody that causes autoimmune encephalitis.