Association of Sleep, Work Environment, and Work-Life Balance With Work Performance: The Japanese Civil Servant Study

Objectives To explore differences in work performance based on the influence of sleep, work environment, and work-life balance. Methods The datasets for this study were obtained from the Japan Civil Servant Study, which included 3478 participants (2199 men and 1279 women). Results Belonging to the younger generation, high levels of support at work, fewer social contacts with friends, and a negative personality were independently associated with low work performance in both men and women. Poor sleep quality and job dissatisfaction were associated with low work performance in men but not in women. Work-to-family conflict was associated with work performance in women. Conclusion Interventions that target not only the overall measure but also account for sex-specific characteristics are important for improving work performance.