Adaptive servo-ventilation therapy for patients with chronic heart failure in a confirmatory, multicenter, randomized, controlled study

Background: Adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV) therapy is expected to be novel nonpharmacotherapy with hemodynamic effects on patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), but sufficient evidence has not been obtained. Methods and Results: A 24-week, open-label, randomized, controlled study was performed to confirm the cardiac function-improving effect of ASV therapy on CHF patients. At 39 institutions, 213 outpatients with CHF, whose left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was <40% and who had mild to severe symptoms [New York Heart Association (NYHA) class: ≥II], were enrolled. After excluding 8 patients, 102 and 103 underwent ASV plus guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) [ASV group] and GDMT only [control group], respectively. The primary endpoint was LVEF, and the secondary endpoints were HF deterioration, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and clinical composite response (CCR: NYHA class+HF deterioration). LVEF and BNP improved significantly at completion against the baseline values in the 2 groups. However, no significant difference was found between these groups. HF deterioration tended to be suppressed. The ASV group showed a significant improvement in CCR corroborated by significant improvements in NYHA class and ADL against the control group. Conclusions: Under the present study’s conditions, ASV therapy was not superior to GDMT in the cardiac functionimproving effect but showed a clinical status-improving effect, thus indicating a given level of clinical benefit.