Additional file 1 of Effect of Porphyromonas gingivalis infection on gut dysbiosis and resultant arthritis exacerbation in mouse model

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Assessment of periodontal tissue and evaluation of joint swelling in Pg-administered SKG mice. To determine the effect of Pg infection on periodontal tissue, Pg W83 (108 CFU/50 mL/mouse in 2% CMC/PBS solution) was administered into the oral cavity of SKG mice (6–8 weeks old, female) twice a week for 42 days. SKG mice also received LA i.p. injection. All mice were sacrificed, and gingival and leg joint tissues were collected. Morphological observation of the mouse upper jaw was analyzed (a). ABL of the upper jaw in each group was measured (b). Joint swelling was quantified using Sakaguchi’s AS every week after oral inoculation of Pg (1.0 × 108 CFU/mouse) and LA i.p. injection (c). Ctrl: PBS inoculation, LA: PBS inoculation + LA i.p. injection (10 μg/mouse), Pg: Pg inoculation, Pg/LA: Pg inoculation + LA i.p. injection. Data represent mean ± SD (b, c) of 6 mice per group. Data represent mean ± SD (b, c) of 6 mice per group. Statistical analyses were performed using the Tukey-Kramer test and Bonferroni corrected Mann-Whitney U test for multiple comparisons (* P