TY - JOUR
T1 - Tickling stimulation causes the up-regulation of the kallikrein family in the submandibular gland of the rat
AU - Yamamuro, Takuya
AU - Hori, Miyo
AU - Nakagawa, Yoshimi
AU - Hayashi, Takashi
AU - Sakamoto, Shigeko
AU - Ohnishi, Junji
AU - Takeuchi, Shino
AU - Mihara, Yuko
AU - Shiga, Takashi
AU - Murakami, Kazuo
AU - Urayama, Osamu
N1 - Funding Information:
We are grateful to Dr. Toshiro Saito for excellent technical support. We wish to thank Dr. Michio Nagata for his helpful technical guidance. This study was supported by grants from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology .
PY - 2013/1/1
Y1 - 2013/1/1
N2 - We recently showed that tactile stimulation (tickling) accompanied by positive emotion altered the expression of many genes in the rat hypothalamus (Hori et al., 2009 [15]). In this study, the effect of repeated tickling on gene expressions of the rat salivary gland was examined. After 4-week stimulation, several genes of the kallikrein (Klk) family were remarkably up-regulated and the alpha-amylase (amylase) gene was down-regulated in DNA microarray analysis. In quantitative analysis using real-time PCR of the submandibular gland of the rats tickled for 2 weeks, mRNAs of Klk1, Klk2 (Klk1c2, Tonin), Klk7 (Klk1l), Klk1b3 (Nerve growth factor, gamma), Klk1c10, Klks3 (Klk1c9) and GK11 were significantly 2-5-fold increased among 18 members of the Klk gene family examined and the submandibular amylase was decreased compared with the lightly touched and untouched control rats. In immunoblot analysis the increase in Klk7 protein was observed in the whole cell lysate fraction of the submandibular gland. In immunohistochemical analysis with anti-Klk7 polyclonal antibody, the immunostain was increased in duct cells of the submandibular gland of the tickled rat when compared with the lightly touched and untouched control rats. These results suggest that tactile sensory processing in the central nervous system affects the gene expression in the peripheral tissue probably via hormonal and/or autonomic neural activities. Submandibular Klks may be biochemical markers indicating positive emotional states.
AB - We recently showed that tactile stimulation (tickling) accompanied by positive emotion altered the expression of many genes in the rat hypothalamus (Hori et al., 2009 [15]). In this study, the effect of repeated tickling on gene expressions of the rat salivary gland was examined. After 4-week stimulation, several genes of the kallikrein (Klk) family were remarkably up-regulated and the alpha-amylase (amylase) gene was down-regulated in DNA microarray analysis. In quantitative analysis using real-time PCR of the submandibular gland of the rats tickled for 2 weeks, mRNAs of Klk1, Klk2 (Klk1c2, Tonin), Klk7 (Klk1l), Klk1b3 (Nerve growth factor, gamma), Klk1c10, Klks3 (Klk1c9) and GK11 were significantly 2-5-fold increased among 18 members of the Klk gene family examined and the submandibular amylase was decreased compared with the lightly touched and untouched control rats. In immunoblot analysis the increase in Klk7 protein was observed in the whole cell lysate fraction of the submandibular gland. In immunohistochemical analysis with anti-Klk7 polyclonal antibody, the immunostain was increased in duct cells of the submandibular gland of the tickled rat when compared with the lightly touched and untouched control rats. These results suggest that tactile sensory processing in the central nervous system affects the gene expression in the peripheral tissue probably via hormonal and/or autonomic neural activities. Submandibular Klks may be biochemical markers indicating positive emotional states.
KW - 50kHz ultrasonic vocalization
KW - Gene expression
KW - Kallikrein
KW - Positive emotion
KW - Submandibular gland
KW - Tickling
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84866515638&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.09.001
DO - 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.09.001
M3 - 学術論文
C2 - 22982067
AN - SCOPUS:84866515638
SN - 0166-4328
VL - 236
SP - 236
EP - 243
JO - Behavioural Brain Research
JF - Behavioural Brain Research
IS - 1
ER -