The Implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity in Japan and China: A Comparative Analysis

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is dedicated to promoting sustainable development through implementing the principles of Agenda 21. However, even as we attempt to conserve our natural resources and biological diversity, the natural world is in crisis. Because wildlife is so diverse and such creatures are constantly on the move, if we are to preserve them we must cooperate on a broader scale.
Japan and China ratified the Convention in 1993. I examined and summarized each country’s localization process for the CBD through a series of analyses of certain aspects of Japanese and Chinese society: legislation for conserving biological diversity, legal systems, environmental education, and environmental business (including Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity, known as the Nagoya Protocol). I also considered how these various sectors interact in the development of biodiversity law and policy.
Although differences exist in the two countries’ legal systems, lawsuits, social culture, etc., it is evident that the CBD is being implemented domestically in both China and Japan. I am confident that these differences will not hinder cooperation between China and Japan; therefore, it is possible to advance the argument for broader East-Asia-area cooperation in international environmental circles.　　　　　　　　　　　　生物多様性条約の国内執行（ローカリゼーション、実装）における、中国と日本の違いを検討したものである。法律については、日本には基本法があり、法改正によって生物多様性条約の国内執行を実践している。他方、中国には基本法はないが、教育・啓発等のプロモーションによって強い執行力が発揮されている。さらに、まだ日本にはない（他の先進諸国にはある）訴訟制度である環境訴訟や公益訴訟という訴訟類型が整備された。