Subcutaneously inoculated cells and implanted pancreatic cancer tissue show different patterns of metastases in Syrian golden hamsters

Context. We studied behavior of the subcutaneously implanted pancreatic tumors and the process of metastasis using syngeneic Syrian golden hamsters. Design. HaP-T1, a cell line derived from nitrosamine-induced pancreatic cancer in Syrian golden hamsters was used for this experiment. Thirty-five animals were divided into two groups: subcutaneous cell inoculation and subcutaneous tissue implantation. The tumor tissue was obtained from subcutaneously implanted cancer cells. One month after implantation, the tumors were resected and studied histopathologically. The animals were followed-up weekly by palpation of the peripheral lymph nodes in order to identify local recurrence. After death, necropsy was performed. Liver, lungs and pancreas specimens were taken for histopathogical study and detection of K-ras point mutation using the PCR/RFLP method. Results. The mean survival time in the subcutaneous cell inoculation group was 151±17.5 days, and in the subcutaneous tissue implantation group was 137±12.9 days. During the follow-up, 13 subcutaneously cell inoculated hamsters (86.7%) had right axillary lymph node metastasis while subcutaneously tissue implanted hamsters did not show any palpable lymph nodes. After necropsy, 10 of the 20 subcutaneously tissue implanted animals (50%) showed metastases in the lungs at the histopathological level. However, 16 of the 20 subcutaneously tissue implantated animals (80%) showed K-ras point mutation in the lung specimens. The lungs of the animals of the subcutaneous cell inoculation group did not show any metastases. No metastases were found in the liver or the pancreas in either group. Conclusion. This study suggests that homologous subcutaneous cell inoculation and subcutaneous tissue implantation models showed completely different patterns of metastasis. These models may aid further research to clarify the mechanisms of metastasis in pancreatic cancer.