TY - JOUR
T1 - Early pathological alterations of lower lumbar cords detected by ultrahigh-field MRI in a mouse multiple sclerosis model
AU - Mori, Yuki
AU - Murakami, Masaaki
AU - Arima, Yasunobu
AU - Zhu, Dasong
AU - Terayama, Yasuo
AU - Komai, Yutaka
AU - Nakatsuji, Yuji
AU - Kamimura, Daisuke
AU - Yoshioka, Yoshichika
N1 - Funding Information:
Grants-in-aid for scientific research (24390098, 24659221 to M.M., 23228001 to Y.Y.); funding program for World-Leading Innovative R&D on Science and Technology (Akira FIRST Program to Y.M. and Y.Y.); the JST-CREST program (to M.M.); Takeda Research Foundation (to M.M. and Y.A.); Uehara Foundation (to M.M.); The Naito Foundation (to M.M.); The Waksman Foundation of Japan (to M.M.); Tokyo Biochemical Research Foundation (to M.M.); Osaka Cancer Research Foundation (to M.M.); Osaka Foundation for the Promotion of Clinical Immunology (to M.M.).
PY - 2014/2
Y1 - 2014/2
N2 - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely employed for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, sometimes, the lesions found by MRI do not correlate with the neurological impairments observed in MS patients. We recently showed autoreactive T cells accumulate in the fifth lumbar cord (L5) to pass the blood-brain barrier and cause inflammation in the central nervous system of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice, an MS model. We here investigated this early event using ultrahigh-field MRI. T2-weighted image signals, which conform to the water content, increased in L4 and L5 during the development of EAE. At the same time, the sizes of L4 and L5 changed. Moreover, angiographic images of MRI showed branch positions of the blood vessels in the lower lumbar cords were significantly altered. Interestingly, EAE mice showed occluded and thickened vessels,particularly during the peak phase, followed by reperfusion in the remission phase. Additionally, demyelination regions of some MS patients had increased lactic acid content, suggesting the presence of ischemic events. These results suggest that inflammation-mediated alterations in the lower lumbar cord change the homeostasis of the spinal cord and demonstrate that ultrahigh-field MRI enables the detection of previously invisible pathological alterations in EAE.
AB - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely employed for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, sometimes, the lesions found by MRI do not correlate with the neurological impairments observed in MS patients. We recently showed autoreactive T cells accumulate in the fifth lumbar cord (L5) to pass the blood-brain barrier and cause inflammation in the central nervous system of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice, an MS model. We here investigated this early event using ultrahigh-field MRI. T2-weighted image signals, which conform to the water content, increased in L4 and L5 during the development of EAE. At the same time, the sizes of L4 and L5 changed. Moreover, angiographic images of MRI showed branch positions of the blood vessels in the lower lumbar cords were significantly altered. Interestingly, EAE mice showed occluded and thickened vessels,particularly during the peak phase, followed by reperfusion in the remission phase. Additionally, demyelination regions of some MS patients had increased lactic acid content, suggesting the presence of ischemic events. These results suggest that inflammation-mediated alterations in the lower lumbar cord change the homeostasis of the spinal cord and demonstrate that ultrahigh-field MRI enables the detection of previously invisible pathological alterations in EAE.
KW - EAE
KW - Lumbar cords
KW - MRI
KW - Spinal cords
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84894107520&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/intimm/dxt044
DO - 10.1093/intimm/dxt044
M3 - 学術論文
C2 - 24150245
AN - SCOPUS:84894107520
SN - 0953-8178
VL - 26
SP - 93
EP - 101
JO - International Immunology
JF - International Immunology
IS - 2
M1 - dxt044
ER -